Three primary colors and color matching method
Red, green, and blue are called three primary colors. These three colors are mixed in different proportions to produce a variety of colors. There are two basic methods of color mixing: additive mixing and subtractive mixing.
The so-called additive color mixing is when different colors of light are mixed, they add their respective parts of the spectrum together to produce a new method of mixing colors. Indicates the color relationship of light-additive color mixing. When the three primary colors of red, green and blue are mixed in equal amounts, it can be obtained:
red light green light = yellow light green light blue light = cyan light
green light red light = magenta light red light green light blue light = white light
if the three primary colors are mixed in equal amounts, various intermediate colors can be obtained, for example:
Red light more green light less = Orange light
Red light more blue light less = Pink light
Subtractive color mixing is a method in which different colors are mixed, each of which selectively absorbs their corresponding part of the spectrum from the incident light, thus producing a synthetic color effect. If any two colors can be added to produce white light, the two colors are called complementary colors (complementary colors). For example, yellow and blue are complementary colors, cyan and red are complementary colors, and magenta and green are complementary colors. Therefore, yellow, cyan and magenta are respectively called blue reduction, red reduction and green reduction, which means that the three complementary colors are formed by subtracting a corresponding primary color from white light. Therefore, yellow, cyan and magenta can be called the three primary colors of subtractive color method.
When the three subtractive primary colors of yellow, magenta and cyan overlap, black will be produced. In the process of subtractive color method, the density change of the three subtractive primary colors controls the absorption ratio of red, green and blue respectively, thus obtaining various mixed colors, which can achieve the same effect as the additive color method.
4. color and vision
color will give people a sense of warmth and coldness, distance, size and weight, and often make people associate, thus forming different psychological effects. these are the visual habits that people have formed for a long time.
Color can usually be divided into three categories: cool color, warm color and neutral color (intermediate color). The cold and warm colors are divided according to the visual reactions and psychological associations caused by various colors. Red makes people think of the heat of fire, thus creating a sense of warmth, called warm color. Blue makes people think of cold water and gives people a sense of cold, so it is called cold color. Purple and green are neutral colors that are not cold or warm. Different colors can affect the size of an object's appearance. If you put some objects of different colors and the same size together, the visual perception will produce a light white object. Dark black objects are small. Generally speaking, white objects look the largest, black objects look the smallest, yellow objects are larger, followed by green, red, and blue.
People's visual habits of color will also produce a sense of distance. Objects of different colors give people different visual perception at the same distance. Warm colors give people the feeling of moving forward, while cold colors appear to be moving back away. And the color gives a sense of distance is also affected by the background tone. For example, when white is the background, blue looks closer; when black is the background, red looks closest, followed by orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple. The use of this feature can help us create a color three-dimensional sense, the illusion of distance effect.
The weight of color is also a long-term visual habit. It is generally believed that white is the lightest and black is the heaviest. Of the three primary colors, green is the lightest, blue is the heaviest, and red is centered. There are two primary colors of light mixed in equal amounts to form a color, containing light color appears light, containing heavy color appears heavy. The sense of color weight is not only expressed through brightness and purity, but also affected by the size of the area occupied by color in the picture. Large areas appear heavier and more attractive than small areas of color.
